Evaluation of Versatile Intelligent Staining Technology (VIST) and Spectral Flexible Imaging (SFI) for Detection and Optical Characterization of Colorectal Lesions: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

This prospective randomized controlled study will compare high-definition white light endoscopy (WLE), Versatile Intelligent Staining Technology (VIST), and Spectral Flexible Imaging (SFI) for the detection and optical characterization of colorectal lesions during colonoscopy. Participants will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of the three imaging modalities. During the first-look withdrawal phase, the colon will be examined using the allocated modality. Detected lesions will be documented and characterized in vivo according to their location, size, morphology, and established endoscopic classification systems, including the Paris, Kudo, and JNET classifications. Lesions will subsequently be biopsied or resected as clinically appropriate and submitted for histopathological evaluation, which will serve as the reference standard for diagnostic performance analyses. Standardized recordings of colorectal lesions will also be used for blinded review to assess interobserver and intraobserver agreement in optical diagnosis and endoscopic classification. In addition to evaluating lesion detection and characterization, the study will compare procedural quality metrics and safety across the imaging modalities. The study is designed to determine whether VIST or SFI can improve colorectal lesion detection and optical characterization compared with conventional high-definition white light endoscopy.